Brazil returns to migrate abroad
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Migration in Brazil is changing since 2016 due to political and economic instability, and with the arrival of Bolsonaro to the presidency, it has increased
According to the Foreigners and Borders System of Portugal, after 6 years of continuous reductions, the number of applications for residence permits has increased again in the country, registering an increase of 13,673 in 2017 to 31,129 at the end of 2018, which means a significant increase in the migratory flow of Brazilians.
Leer en español: Brasil vuelve a migrar hacia al extranjero
The number of deportations of Brazilian citizens in Europe according to the European Union Border Agency (FRONTEX) increased 62% in 2018, positioning the country among the 10 nationalities with the highest number of deportees. The situation is repeated in other destination countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom.
Brazil is a country that, like many other Latin nations such as Argentina, Mexico or Colombia, is characterized by strong periods of emigration and immigration. The country, was until the mid-70s, among the main destinations in the southern hemisphere for various communities such as Japanese, Italian and Portuguese, there is only a perceptible change in the direction of migration flow from the 90s.
The United States, Japan, Portugal, Italy, and Spain are, since the Brazilian diaspora began, the main destinations for migrants. Even so, with the economic growth registered in the country during the first decade of this century, the number of Brazilians who emigrated was decreasing until reaching a point of return, especially during the international financial crisis in 2008 that affected the main destination countries of the Brazilian community.
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A survey conducted in 2018 by the Datafolha Institute of Brazil, indicates that more than 42% of the adult population would leave the country if they had conditions. Social, economic and political instability are indicated as the main reasons that promote migration.
On the other hand, the current president of Brazil, Jair Bolsonaro, on his trip to the United States, announced that American citizens will no longer need to apply for a visa to enter Brazil, opposing years of the so-called reciprocity policy (Law 6.815 / 80 of the Statute of Migration of Brazil) in which the same treatment given to the Brazilian community by the host country is established, in addition to showing support for the project of the wall on the Mexican border presented by Donald Trump and criticizing the Brazilian community who lives illegally in the US
The profile of the Brazilian migrant has changed over the years, currently being formed by middle-class people, with some training and knowledge, who seek better living conditions and greater stability, fleeing above all from the growing political polarization of the country. increase in unemployment, a general reduction in the quality of life, instability with neighboring nations such as Venezuela and the government's proposals in relation to labor reform and the pension system that can affect the fate of millions of workers.
There is a flight of brains in the country. The number of declarations of permanent abandonment in the Federal Revenue went from 9,887 to 69,174 in just one year, according to data from the same institution. It should be noted that only Brazilians who earn 3 minimum salaries are obliged to declare the income tax, which indicates an outflow of middle-class people from the country.
The number of applications for Portugal was so high that the Portuguese authorities came to suspend the service of citizenship orders during 2018 due to the number of people who were leaving Brazil for the old metropolis.
The Global Wealth Report Review 2018, positions Brazil as the 10th country with the highest number of displaced persons of type A emigrants (those with investment capacity and specialized training). In addition, the recent cancellation of scholarships for CAPES research (training program for higher education) and reduction of the budget of CNPq (national research council) makes thousands of professionals begin to fix their bags to Europe and the United States.
For these reasons, although the situation abroad is not easy, it seems to be more attractive than staying in the country that until 2012 was one of the nations that generated more jobs according to the ILO (international labor organization) and demanded specialized work. But now, emigrating is the solution again.
LatinAmerican Post | Wesley Guerra
Translated from "Brasil vuelve a migrar hacia el extranjero"
